Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
TYPES OF DIABETES: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disorder which is accompanied by hyperglycemia due to deficiency of insulin or the body’s sensitivity to insulin (Reddy, 2018). There are different types of diabetes- gestational diabetes, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, LADA, MODY. Type 1 diabetes is caused by an autoimmune reaction in which the body’s immune system attacks the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. As a result, the body produces very little or no insulin. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes. Initially, hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) is the result of the inability of the body’s cells to respond fully to insulin, a situation termed ‘insulin resistance'(Ndisang, et al. 2017.)